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FAQs

Measurement networks

How does Puertos del Estado monitor sea-state?

Puertos del Estado has several permanent in-situ networks that provide waves, wind, atmospheric pressure, currents, air and water temperature, salinity and sea level measurements in real time. This monitoring system consists of four measurement networks:

  • DEEP WATER BUOY NETWORK (REDEXT). It has 15 buoys that are moored far offshore at deep sea, at depths between 200 and 1,800 metres. These kinds of buoys are usually large, up to 3 metres in diameter and 7 metres in height. They have multiple sensors on board and provide hourly data. Given their location, they transmit data via satellite. More information in this document (in Spanish).
  • COASTAL BUOYS NETWORK (REDCOS). Located in the vicinity of ports, at a depth of less than 100 metres, these buoys transmit measurements to the coast via radio and GPRS. They provide hourly data. More information in this document (in Spanish).
  • TIDE GAUGE NETWORK (REDMAR). This network is currently made up of radar sensors installed on docks inside the ports. Its main purpose is to continuously measure, record, analyse and store the sea level in ports, with real-time access to data being one of its main aspects. More information in this document (in Spanish).
  • HIGH FREQUENCY RADAR NETWORK (REDRAD). It is made up of HF radar systems of CODAR technology. Each system is made up of a several antennas that are installed on the coast and provide hourly data on surface currents and waves. In some cases, the ownership of the systems is shared with other institutions. More information in this document (in Spanish).

I would like to check the current sea state in an area. Where should I connect?

You can access directly from the home page of the Puertos del Estado website, by clicking on the oceanographic notifications map or by selecting Services > Oceanography > Portus. From there you will access the Puertos del Estado oceanography website: Portus, where the information is organized by parameters and in 3 sections: Predictions, Real Time Data and Historical Data. Selecting Waves or any other parameter in the “Real Time Data” section, the points where real-time information is available will appear on the map. Select the location closest to your area of interest and you will access a menu from which you can choose how to display the information: in table or plot format. Time-series plots usually give a clearer idea of the evolution of the last few days.

When I check the sea state, what parameters should I look for?

Ocean waves are composed of a superposition of single waves of different heights, periods and directions. Therefore, the most representative wave parameters are the significant height (Hs), the mean period (Tm), the peak period (Tp) and the direction at the peak (Dirp, direction of the highest energy waves):

  • SIGNIFICANT HEIGHT (Hs). It is one of the most representative wave parameters. The significant height represents the height of the waves that an experienced observer would see with the naked eye at the point of measurement (not from the shore), which is approximately equivalent to the average height of the highest third of waves.
  • AVERAGE PERIOD (Tm). This name is given to the average period of all the waves that make up the sea state and is usually denoted by the acronym Tm.
  • PEAK PERIOD (Tp). The period of the group of waves with the highest energy is called the peak period and is denoted Tp. The more regular the waves, the more similar is Tp to Tm, although Tp is usually greater than Tm.
  • DIRECTION AT PEAK (Dirp). Represents the direction of the highest energy waves.
  • MIDDLE DIRECTION (Dirm). Represents the mean direction of the waves.

Dates used are local or universal time?

All the dates that appear in Puertos del Estado Oceanographic services use Universal Time (UTC) or GMT time reference, whose origin would be the Greenwich or zero meridian (reference for the time zones). The local time zone in the Iberian Peninsula and Balearic Islands is UTC+1 hour in winter time and UTC+2 hours in summer time, while in the Canary Islands it is UTC+0 hours in winter and UTC+1 hours in summer. So, to know the local time to which a data refers, it will be necessary to add the time difference corresponding to the place and the time of the year. This means that in the Iberian Peninsula and Balearic Islands we will have to add 1 hour to the time shown if we are in winter, and 2 hours if we are in summer time. However, in the Canary Islands we will only have to add 1 hour in summer, since in winter the local time coincides with UTC.

How does a buoy measure waves?

Traditionally, the study of waves in a given area of the ocean is carried out by means of a series of parameters that characterise the so-called sea state. Sensors measure, every hour, a series of instantaneous elevations of the sea surface around the mean level during a minimum time interval (e.g. 20 minutes, although this interval depends on the type of buoy). This sample is considered representative of the sea-state at that time. Standard zero-crossing and spectral analyses are then applied to this time series of elevations to obtain the most representative wave parameters: Hs, Tm, Tp, etc. for that hour. Nowadays, this process is usually carried out on board the buoy and the results are transmitted to land.

Where are the biggest waves measured in Spain?

The biggest storms occur on the northwest coast of Spain (Galicia coast). Storms with a predominantly north-westerly direction are common in this area. These are the storms with the highest waves and the longest periods, as the waves are usually generated in the North Atlantic and then propagate to the Galician coast (as the swell ‘ages’ the period grows). These types of storms are the most characteristic and generate significant heights of up to 10 metres with maximum wave heights of up to 17 metres and periods of up to 20 seconds. As wave heights vary from wave to wave, it is commonly used a term that represents the average height of the highest third of waves is often used, called the significant height (denoted Hs) to describe the sea-state.

How should buoy-measured direction of waves, wind and currents be interpreted?

In general, when talking about real wave data measured by a buoy, the direction of waves indicates the direction of origin (where they are coming from). The same is true for wind data measured by a sensor. However, in the case of currents, the direction shown is usually the direction of propagation (where it is going). This changes in the case of data from a model, since, for waves and wind and currents, the direction provided by the models is usually always propagation. To avoid confusion, it is most appropriate that the criterion applied to the direction is indicated together with the data.

Do you make any corrections to the directions of the data measured by the buoys due to magnetic declination?

No. No correction is made for magnetic declination, as it is not only different for each position, but also varies constantly in time. However, if it is necessary for a particular study, it would be considered.

Are buoy-measured met-ocean conditions applicable to a beach or a specific area of the coast?

It depends on the distance of the buoy from the beach. Waves arriving on each beach depend on several things, including the prevailing direction of the open ocean waves, the shape of the seabed and the shoreline on that beach, which modify waves as they approach. 

Puertos del Estado wave measurements come from two sources: Coastal Buoy Network and the Deepwater Buoy Network. The buoys of the Deepwater Buoy Network are moored very far from the coastline, at depths greater than 200 metres, so their measurements are representative of waves in the open ocean and cannot be directly transferred to what happens on the coast. Buoys of the Coastal Network are moored in shallow waters so that, in most cases, the information they provide is representative only of very local conditions, as long as their measurements are disturbed by both the profile of the coast and the effects of the bottom. For these reasons it is necessary to use such data with caution when drawing conclusions far from the measurement area.

I would like to check the current sea level in an area, where should I connect?

You can access directly from the home page of the Puertos del Estado website, by clicking on the oceanographic notifications map or by selecting Services > Oceanography > Portus. From there you will access the Puertos del Estado oceanography website: Portus, where the information is organised by parameters and in 3 sections: Predictions, Real Time Data and Historical Data. By selecting Sea Level in the ‘Real-Time Data’ section, the points where real-time information is available will appear on the map. Select the location closest to your area of interest and you will be taken to a menu from which you can select the information in table or time-series plot format. Plots usually give a better idea of the evolution of the last few days.

What is the sea level reference for tide gauges and where can I find it?

A fundamental problem when defining sea level is the reference or zero datum to refer data. The Spanish National Geographic Institute (IGN) establishes the National Datum, that is the origin of altitudes on land in Spain. In the Iberian Peninsula, the Mean Sea Level in Alicante (Nivel Medio del Mar en Alicante, NMMA) is used as the national reference datum, that is obtained from sea level data registered in this port during the decade 1870-1880 (the Alicante tide gauge was the first one installed permanently in Spain, and therefore it is the longest series of sea level data existing in our country). On the islands (Balearic and Canary Islands), the local mean sea level is used as a zero or reference datum. This is obtained from the sea level measurements of a permanent tide gauge on that island, if it exists, for a given period. For example, the altitudes on the island of Tenerife will be referenced to the Mean Sea Level in Tenerife, and so on. 

Meanwhile, the Spanish Hydrographic Institute of the Navy (Instituto Hidrográfico de la Marina, IHM) has among its missions to establish the vertical datum for nautical charts. This reference datum is called Chart Datum and is used both in the publication of the Yearbook of Tides and the production of nautical charts. This datum approximately coincides with the lowest water level and varies with the characteristics of the tide along the coast. 

Each port, for its part, defines a convenient reference or zero datum for carrying out works, dredging, etc.; this is known as harbour datum and normally coincides with the minimum low tide. 

The tide gauges of the Tide Gauge Network of the port system (REDMAR) generally use the harbour datum to reference measurements. In principle, this datum never changes, unless it is requested by the Port Authority itself, in the event of a new definition of the harbour datum or if another datum is preferred. 

The relationship between harbour datum, National Datum (NMMA or analogue in the islands) and Chart Datum, where available, is shown on the website Portus. Relation to National Datum information comes from high precision levelling carried out in collaboration with the IGN using their methodology. This information is updated each time a new levelling is carried out. 

To consult the information on the reference of each tide gauge, go to the Puertos del Estado Oceanography website: Portus. Once there, select Sea Level, either in the Real Time Data menu or in the Historical Data menu. All the points where information is available will appear on the map. Selecting the point of interest will open a floating window containing three tabs. The third tab, called ‘Datums’ gives all the details about the reference bench-mark and datums available for that tide gauge. From this tab you can also download a document describing in detail the sea level datums (in Spanish), a detailed scheme of the datums for that station and, if available, the levelling report of the tide gauge.

Is it possible to consult historical data, statistical information or climate information obtained from measured data?

Yes, it is possible to download freely and free of charge products made from the time-series of measured data from Puertos del Estado Oceanography website, Portus:

  1. Online requests to the historical databases. From the website of Puertos del Estado, from the Historical Data section, you can make direct queries to the database of measured data on waves, sea level, wind, currents, salinity, water temperature, air temperature, atmospheric pressure and port agitation. In each of these sections, by clicking with the mouse on the map on each of the symbols representing the measurement stations, you can consult the most representative information since the measurements were taken.
  2. Annual reports for each measuring station each meteorological year (from December of the previous year to November, both months included). These reports are in PDF format and are updated periodically. To access them, go to the Historical Data section, select the parameter(s) you wish to consult from the menu and select the station nearest to the area of interest on the map. A floating window will open on the map with various options. The reports can be found under the heading: ‘Annual reports of all station sensors. You must select the year and the section to download (some reports are split into parts to speed up the download).
  3. Long-term and in some Long-term extreme regime reports for waves, wind and sea level for those stations where the measured data series are long enough to consider results statistically representative. To access them, go to the Historical Data section, select the parameters you wish to consult from the menu and select the station closest to the area of interest on the map. A floating window will open on the map with various options. The reports can be found under the heading: ‘Global Reports’.

I need the time series of data measured by a station; can I download it? What should I do?

Puertos del Estado Oceanography website: Portus has a service that allows you to download online time series of oceanographic and meteorological data from Puertos del Estado marine environment monitoring systems, whether they are observations from the measurement networks or modelled data from the prediction or reanalysis systems. 

This online service is available free of charge in the ‘Historical Data’ section. For further information and details on the download service, please consult the following user guide

Although it is an open service, users must bear in mind that Puertos del Estado only authorises the use of the data for the specific purpose of the download, and under no circumstances is the transfer of the data to third parties permitted. Furthermore, when data is used, the source, Puertos del Estado, must always be duly accredited. 

Puertos del Estado is not responsible for the use made of the data once downloaded through this service. Although, in general, all the data have undergone quality analysis, not all the datasets undergo the same exhaustive and complete controls, so it is the responsibility of the users to use them with the appropriate caution.

I need the current data from a high frequency radar, can I access and download them?

Yes, Puertos de Estado has Portuscopia, a service specially designed for downloading large volumes of data. From this service you can view and download the files generated by high frequency radar systems. 

This download service handles files in netCDF format and provides two download modes: 1-click for one-time downloads, and recurrent downloads of the latest data using a script for periodic automated downloads.

Is it possible to consult oceanographic information in real time from a mobile device?

Yes, Puertos del Estado oceanography website: Portus is fully compatible with connections from mobile devices. 

In addition, Puertos del Estado has developed the iMar app, a specific application for smartphones that is available for both iPhone and Android. iMar provides access to detailed information on waves, sea level, wind, atmospheric pressure, water temperature, etc. for the most important ports, cities and beaches along the Spanish coast. You can also consult maps and forecast data of waves and sea level for the next 72 hours. All the data come from the measurement and forecasting systems of Puertos del Estado, except for the weather and wind forecasts which are provided by the Spanish Meteorological Agency (AEMET).

Forecasts

I would like to check what the sea-state will be in the next few days. Where should I connect?

You can access directly from the home page of the Puertos del Estado website, by clicking on the oceanographic notifications map or by selecting Services > Oceanography > Portus. From there you will access the Puertos del Estado oceanography website: Portus, where the information is organised by parameters and in 3 sections: Predictions, Real Time Data and Historical Data. By selecting the Waves or any other parameter in the ‘Forecasts’ section, maps providing the forecast data for the next 3 days will be displayed. If, in addition, Tables/Plots can be selected by clicking on the points georeferenced on the map, that represent locations where forecast information is available in the form of a time series. The number of points displayed will differ according to the zoom level of the map, with the density of points increasing as you zoom in. Users must select the point closest to your area of interest and they will be taken to a menu from which they can choose how to display the information: in table or time-series plot format. Time-series plots usually give a clearer idea of the evolution of the coming days. 

The forecast information is updated twice a day, at 6 a.m. and 6 p.m. approximately. Except for the current, salinity and temperature forecasts, which are only updated once a day, in the morning.

How are waves forecasts generated and how often are they updated?

Puertos del Estado produces and distributes a twice-daily waves forecast for the North Atlantic and the western basin of the Mediterranean Sea. Waves forecast system starts daily at 5 am and 5 pm. Approximately one hour later, the results are available on Puertos del Estado website in the form of maps, plots and tables. 

The forecasting system consists of a series of applications based on the wave generation model WAM and SWAN using the predicted wind fields of the limited area meteorological model HARMONIE-AROME provided by the Spanish State Meteorological Agency, AEMET. Given that the latter provides 2 days ahead forecast, in order to complete the forecast horizon up to 72h, the last 24 hours data is completed with wind fields of the HRES model of the ECMWF (European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts). This way, the wave forecast horizon is 72 hours and provides hourly forecast fields. 

For more detailed information about Waves Forecasting Service, please, download the following document: Description of Puertos del Estado Waves Prediction System or the reference article on Puertos del Estado Waves forecast service.

What is the Mean Period, Tm, and the Peak Period, Tp?

Waves are composed of a superposition of groups of waves of different periods. The average period of all these waves is called the mean period of the wave and is denoted Tm or Tz. The period of the group of waves with the highest energy is called the peak period and is denoted Tp. The more regular are those waves the more similar Tp is to Tm, although Tp is usually greater than Tm.

What is the Significant Wave Height, Hs?

The height of the waves varies from wave to wave, so a term is often used to roughly represent the average height of the highest third of waves, called significant wave height that is usually denoted Hs or Hm0.

What is wind sea and swell?

The term wind sea is used to refer to the irregular, short-period-waves that are being generated by local wind, often producing foam on the crest of the wave. Swell the term used to refer to the regular, very long waves that arrive after traveling from the place where they were generated by the wind (presenting peak periods, Tp, greater than 10 seconds). The total waves, or total sea, will correspond to the superposition of the existing wind sea and swell. 

In open ocean it is easy to find that waves are composed of swell, which is coming from somewhere distant, and wind sea, which is being generated at that location. Sometimes we can also find two types of swells at the same time at the same location, with different directions and periods. When these situations occur, in our data, we distinguish between swell 1, the swell with the most energy, and swell 2, the one with the least energy.

Can waves prediction be applied to a beach or coastline?

Waves produced in our forecast mostly correspond to the waves on the open sea (except in the case of high-resolution waves applications). The waves that arrive at a beach will depend on several things, including the prevailing direction of the open ocean waves, the seabed and the coastline shapes. Therefore, it is not possible to give a general rule for estimating the waves at the coast parting from the open ocean waves. Depending on the characteristics of the beach, waves will be different in each area.

How is the wind forecast generated and how often is it updated?

The wind forecast is produced and provided by the Spanish State Meteorological Agency (AEMET) and is based on the HARMONIE-AROME model. It has a forecast horizon of 2 days. To extend the forecast horizon up to 72h, day-3 forecast is completed using ECMWF (European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts) HRES model wind fields. Results are updated daily, twice a day, at about 6 am and 6 pm.

How should the wind value given in the forecast be interpreted?

The wind, denoted by Vv in our data services, is the wind at 10 metres above the sea surface. This wind must be considered over open water, since, on the coast, the wind can be strongly affected by the orography and the ground.

How is the sea level forecast generated and how often is it updated?

NIVMAR is the sea level prediction system developed by Puertos del Estado for the Spanish coast, operational since 1998. It is based on the use of the HAMSOM marine circulation model, forced with the wind and atmospheric pressure fields of the HRES model of the ECMWF (European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts) provided by the AEMET, and data from the tide gauges of the Puertos del Estado REDMAR network. 

The Puertos del Estado sea level prediction system allows, since 2018, to visualise the results of predictions generated by several models. Thus, in those points where tide gauge stations are available, the results of Puertos del Estado sea level forecast system (NIVMAR) can be consulted together with other operational models of the Copernicus Marine Service. These predictions are accompanied by a probabilistic prediction based on the Bayesian Model Average (BMA) statistical technique. In locations where there is no sea level station, only information from the NIVMAR system is available. More information on the multi-model system in this document. 

The forecast has 3 days horizon and the results are updated twice a day, at 6h and 18h approximately in the case of NIVMAR. However, the Copernicus models are run once a day and finish, due to their complexity, later than the NIVMAR system. For this reason, early in the morning, NIVMAR will, by default, be the first available sea level forecast (reference forecast). Data from the other models will be displayed during the day as they become available, normally from 12:00h UTC. Then, the probabilistic forecast (BMA), with its 90% confidence bands, will be displayed. 

If an approximate level forecast beyond three days is desired, a complementary astronomical tide forecast is available on Puertos del Estado oceanography website: Portus for ports, towns and beaches. Users must select Sea level Forecast > activate in the Port/Locality/Beach selector > select the icon representing the location of interest from those shown on the map > and click on Astronomical tide in the window that will appear.

What sea level reference is used in the prediction?

A fundamental aspect in sea level data or predictions is the reference or zero datum to refer data. The Spanish National Geographic Institute (IGN) establishes the National Datum, that is the origin of altitudes on land in Spain. In the Iberian Peninsula, the Mean Sea Level in Alicante (Nivel Medio del Mar en Alicante, NMMA) is used as the national reference datum, that is obtained from sea level data registered in this port during the decade 1870-1880 (the Alicante tide gauge was the first one installed permanently in Spain, and therefore it is the longest series of sea level data existing in our country). On the islands (Balearic and Canary Islands), the local mean sea level is used as a zero or reference datum. This is obtained from the sea level measurements of a permanent tide gauge on that island, if it exists, for a given period. For example, the altitudes on the island of Tenerife will be referenced to the Mean Sea Level in Tenerife, and so on. 

Meanwhile, the Spanish Hydrographic Institute of the Navy (Instituto Hidrográfico de la Marina, IHM) has among its missions to establish the vertical datum for nautical charts. This reference datum is called Chart Datum and is used both in the publication of the Yearbook of Tides and the production of nautical charts. This datum approximately coincides with the lowest water level and varies with the characteristics of the tide along the coast. 

Each port, for its part, defines a convenient reference or zero datum for carrying out works, dredging, etc.; this is known as harbour datum and normally coincides with the minimum low tide. 

The tide gauges of the Tide Gauge Network of the port system (REDMAR) generally use the harbour datum to reference measurements. In principle, this datum never changes, unless it is requested by the Port Authority itself, in the event of a new definition of the harbour datum or if another datum is preferred. 

The sea level forecast information shown on this website can refer to the corresponding harbour zero (REDMAR zero), mean harbour level and hydrographic zero. More detailed information on sea level reference levels can be found in the following document.

When will the next high tide or low tide occur in my port/location?

This information is included both in the location search and in the sea level prediction plots and tables available in the Forecasts section of Puertos del Estado Oceanographic web: Portus. Plots highlight the magnitude and UTC time of the high and low tides with a circular icon over the time series shown. In the tables, coming tides are shown in the header, where the date, UTC time and magnitude of the next expected high and low tides in the next 3 days of forecast are displayed. Similarly, a table of highs and lows for the next 3 days is also included in the summary by location. 

Additionally, this information can be consulted in the iMar app for mobile devices for the ports/localities/beaches included.

What is the meteorological residual?

The observed sea level is mainly due to the superposition of two different contributions: the astronomical tide and the meteorological residual. The astronomical tide is caused by the Sun-Moon-Earth gravitational interaction. The meteorological residual (or residual tide) is due to the interaction between atmosphere (mainly air pressure and wind) and sea.

How is the astronomical tide estimated?

Astronomical tides application provides astronomical tide predictions at harbours. For those harbours equipped with a REDMAR tide gauge the tide is computed from one year or more of observations. For other coastal localities, where observations are not available, the tides are generated by a numerical model, being therefore slightly less accurate. 

Astronomical tide information is available on Puertos del Estado Oceanographic web: Portus. Users must select Sea level prediction>activate in the Port/Locality/Beach selector> select the place of interest from those shown on the map> and click on Astronomical tide in the window that appears.

How is the forecast of currents, salinity and water temperature generated and how often is it updated?

The origin of the information displayed on the forecast maps changes depending on the zoom level used. The initial zoom levels show information from the ocean model generated by the Copernicus IBI-MFC. The system is based on a NEMO model application with a spatial resolution of about 2.5 km using high-resolution time-frequency atmospheric forcings, tidal forcings and freshwater forcings from river discharge and provides a 5-day ocean forecast. The products shown are the hourly data from the surface fields of salinity, temperature and currents. These products are updated daily (from 13h). For more information on the IBI-MFC system and its products or to download the data, please consult the following page: Copernicus Marine Service or download the reference article.

In the area of the Strait of Gibraltar there is an ocean forecasting service that was developed in the framework of the SAMPA project, the result of collaboration between Puertos del Estado and the University of Malaga. The system, which is based on the MITGCM model, is nested with the Copernicus IBI-MFC system and also uses forcings from Puertos del Estado Sea Level Prediction System (NIVMAR). It consists of a nested domain scheme, starting from a regional domain in the Strait of Gibraltar (with a resolution of about 2 km), up to a port domain in the Port of Algeciras and Campamento (resolution of about 40 metres). The results are updated daily, producing an hourly forecast for the next 3 days. The information on the website is refreshed throughout the afternoon. 

At the coastal and harbour level there are high-resolution circulation forecasting systems that were implemented in the framework of the SAMOA project. Each system has two domains: a coastal domain of lower horizontal resolution (about 350 metres), but larger in extent, serving the areas surrounding the ports; and a port domain of higher resolution (about 70 metres), but limited in extent to the ports themselves, to represent the physics in the access roads and terminals. The SAMOA domains are based on the ROMS model (version 3.7) and provide 72-hour horizon forecasts of the following fields: ocean currents, water temperature and salinity. The forecasts are updated daily and have an hourly resolution. For more information on the SAMOA systems, you can download the reference article.

How should the predicted wave, wind and current directions be interpreted?

Zero indicates geographical north and the angles increase in a clockwise direction. In some cases, the direction is the direction of origin and in others the direction of propagation. The convention will always be indicated in the table, map or plot that is consulted.

Is it possible to consult the forecast for the next few days from a mobile device?

Yes, the Puertos del Estado oceanography website: Portus is fully responsive to mobile devices. 

In addition, Puertos del Estado has developed the iMar app, a specific application for smartphones that is available for both iPhone and Android. iMar provides access to detailed information on waves, sea level, wind, atmospheric pressure, water temperature, etc. for the most important ports, cities and beaches along the Spanish coast. You can also consult maps and data on the waves and sea level forecast for the next 72 hours. All the data come from Puertos del Estado measurement and forecasting systems, except for the weather and wind forecasts which are provided by the Spanish State Meteorological Agency (AEMET).

Is it possible to consult historical data, statistical information or climatic information obtained from measured data?

Yes, from the ‘Historical Data’ section of Puertos del Estado Oceanographic website, Portus, offers the possibility of viewing animated maps based on the data generated by the forecasting services for past dates. These maps are generated using the best available information for each forecasting cycle. 

In addition, Puertos del Estado stores the information in a series of points of interest in time series format, so that from the Historical Data section of the website it is also possible to download free of charge products made from these data series:

  1. Online requests to the historical databases. In the Historical data section, by clicking on each of the available parameters, the points with available information will be displayed on the map. By selecting any of the icons that represent the model points you can consult the most representative information since data has been available.
  2. Long-term reports for waves and wind in those model points where the data series are long enough to consider the results statistically representative. To access them, go to the Historical Data section, select the parameters you wish to consult from the menu and select the icon on the map that represents a model point closest to the area of interest. A floating window will open on the map with various options. The reports can be found under the heading: ‘Global Reports’.
  3. Wave model validation report. A monthly PDF report are generated showing the validation that compare the results of the wave prediction systems with the data measured from the Puertos del Estado buoy networks. This report corresponds to the previous month and is made available to users from the Historical Data section of the oceanography website (Portus). To open it, on the website, select the wave parameter and on the map choose a Model Point icon. A floating window with various options will open on the map. The reports can be found with the name ‘Validation Report’.

More information on the description of the SIMAR wave dataset can be found in the following document (in Spanish).

I need the time series data for a forecast point, can I download it, what should I do?

Puertos del Estado Oceanography website: Portus has a service that allows the online download of oceanographic and meteorological time series data from Puertos del Estado marine environment monitoring systems, whether they are observations from the measurement networks or modelled data from the prediction or reanalysis systems. 

This online service is available free of charge in the ‘Historical Data’ section. For further information and details on the download service, please consult the following user manual

Although it is an open service, users must bear in mind that Puertos del Estado only authorises the use of the data for the specific purpose of the download, and under no circumstances is the transfer of the data to third parties permitted. Furthermore, when data is used, the source, Puertos del Estado, must always be duly accredited. 

Puertos del Estado is not responsible for the use made of the data once downloaded through this service. Although, in general, all the data have undergone quality analysis, not all the datasets undergo the same exhaustive and complete controls, so it is the responsibility of the users to use them with the appropriate caution.

I need the fields of some of the models generated by Puertos del Estado, can I access and download them?

Yes, Puertos del Estado has Portuscopia, a service specially designed for downloading large volumes of data. From this service you can view and download the outputs of Puertos del Estado forecasting services that generate daily results of the conditions forecast for the coming days. 

This download service has two download modes: 1-click for one-off downloads and recurrent for automatic downloads of the latest data using a script.